Construction Of Thermal Power Plants Research Articles

Omsk Hydroelectric Power Plant Project in Economic History of Region in 1930s—1980s.

The article is dedicated to the unrealized project of the Omsk Hydroelectric Power Station, developed in the 1930s, then postponed and subsequently reintroduced for discussion in the 1980s. The sources used for this research include materials from the Historical Archive of the Omsk Region and the Russian State Archive of Economy. Both domestic and foreign historiography on the economic development of Western Siberia do not mention this project, hence this article aims to fill this historiographical gap. It is demonstrated that the project was considered by regional authorities solely as an agricultural facility, which would have allowed for the use of the reservoir for irrigation in the southern districts of the region and improvement of navigational conditions around the city of Omsk. Emphasis is placed on the fact that its implementation could have boosted the industrial development of the Omsk Region. The abandonment of the project in the 1930s largely determined the subsequent development of the region, particularly from an ecological perspective. To meet the energy needs of the city and the region, construction of thermal power plants began, fueled by Ekibastuz coal, which contains a large amount of ash. This, in turn, led to serious air pollution in the Omsk region, which continues to persist to this day.

Influence of TIG welding processing parameters on mechanical properties of austenitic stainless steel using Taguchi analysis

Austenitic stainless steel 316 is used in a variety of applications. Due to the lack of post-hardening operations such as strong intergranular corrosion resistance, annealing, and increased toughness, ASS 316 are chosen in the construction of thermal power plants, pressure vessels, and vehicle components. The effects of process parameters such as current and travel speed, as well as weld filler rod diameter, are explored in this paper. The Taguchi approach was used to optimize the output parameters in this paper. Weld speed and input power are the process parameters studied during TIG welding. The experimental results indicated that flux welding might increase the weld depth/width ratio and reduce the HAZ range, leading in less angular distortion in the weld men. The Taguchi approach was employed in this work to optimize the output parameters.a result of which the weld men have reduced angular distortion.

ANSYS CFX STUDY OF AERODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS DURING BLADE PROFILE ROTATION

Currently, wind energy is one of the most developing areas, which is primarily due to the absence of emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere. Wind power allows providing electricity to remote areas, where fuel delivery, as well as the construction of thermal power plants is laborious and expensive. The effective development of wind turbines should solve the following tasks: the creation of the necessary driving force and the possibility of using a high coefficient of wind energy, which does not contradict the maintenance of the ecological balance of the territory. An electric generator for a household wind turbine must provide electricity in a wide range of rotation speeds and be able to work independently without automation and external energy sources. The study of the numerical implementation of the method of aerodynamic analysis of the wind turbine blade in rotational motion in the ANSYS CFD software package is by far the most promising and dynamically developing direction in the field of aerodynamics calculations. The results of approbation of the mixed calculation method using a dynamically variable and stationary finite-volume mesh are presented. The use of a mixed design scheme allows for calculations of wind turbines inside the building, while it becomes possible to minimize the required power for the study.

The Public Policy of Developing Electric Power Industry in the Far East in the 1950s – mid 1960s: Conditions and Features of Realization

The article examines the merits and demerits of the policy of Soviet government in the field of regional electric power industry, in particular the energy projects in the Far East region. It aims to analyze the conditions and features of the implementation of the public policy of the USSR intended to develop the electric power industry of the Far East in the 1950s – mid-1960s; to identify the main trends and contradictions in interaction between central and local authorities dedicated to regional electrification. The research is based on the traditional historical methods, as well as on the state-centered and regional approaches. It is shown that the electric power industry in the Far East has been developing in conditions of limited resources and lack of mutual understanding between the center and the region in solving towards the problems of the industry. The public policy for the development of the Far Eastern electric power industry was based on the idea of a quick and cheaper construction of thermal power plants. The author comes to the conclusion that this policy led to various consequences, including technical lag in the electric power industry and the pace of electrification, an increase in the shortage of electricity and, in general, a slowdown in the socio-economic development of the region.

Planning model for the development and construction of thermal power plants using alternative fuels with optimal investment distribution

The work is devoted to the analysis of the current state and prospects of modernization of the fuel and energy complex and investments in renewable energy in order to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals in Ukraine, adaptation of an economic and mathematical model adequate to this process, allowing for rational distribution of investments, which in Ukraine plans to attract to development of the energy system and renewable energy as part of the implementation of the strategy “Vectors of Economic Development 2030”, the collection of potential sources of funds for the development and construction of thermal power plants using alternative fuels on the basis of existing heat supply enterprises in Ukraine. In the article it is recommended to use the add-in “Search for a solution” MS Excel for performing calculations according to the proposed deterministic model of a partially integer linear programming problem with boolean variables. As a result of the implementation of the proposed approach, moderate protection of the main producers (network operators) – heat supply utilities will be provided and market conditions for independent producers will be created, the operator will be encouraged to increase the efficiency of its own production.

Management of the design and construction process of a thermal power plant under conditions of permafrost instability

The key issues of the process of the design and construction of a thermal power plant and the life cycle management of a thermal power plant under conditions of permafrost instability are considered. The article aims to develop information, mathematical and software support for the design and construction process supervising and testing of construction objects of a thermal power plant and life cycle management of a thermal power plant under conditions of permafrost instability. The following tasks arising in the process of achieving the given goal are presented: to study the characteristics of the constructed thermal power plant; to present the design and construction process of a thermal power plant in the form of an alternative graph; to identify alternatives and risks in the life cycle management system; to develop an investment project for a thermal power plant located in the Arctic region of the Russian Federation and to choose an effective option for the project implementation. It is shown that the design and implementation of projects for the construction of thermal power plants under conditions of instability of permafrost is characterized by the complexity of planning, large costs and a large number of operations. The practical significance of the work is determined by the possibility to apply the presented procedure for managing the design and construction process of a thermal power plant under conditions of permafrost instability when it is necessary to construct new thermal power plants in the Arctic region of the Russian Federation.

The availability of natural gas and the cost of building power plants

The construction of thermal power plants that run on natural gas requires relatively small investments-in comparison with power plants that run on other fuels, such as coal, uranium, and hydrogen. In this article highlights of the availability of natural gas and the cost of building power plants.

ПЕРСПЕКТИВА ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ СОБСТВЕННОЙ ТЭС ДЛЯ ЭНЕРГОСНАБЖЕНИЯ АГРОИНЖЕНЕРНОГО ЦЕНТРА ВИМ

As industrial production expands, infrastructure develops, and new technological equipment is put into operation, energy needs increase, which means that the role of reliable energy supply to industrial enterprises increases. Electricity is used to light the territory of the enterprise, workshops, and laboratories, operate machines and mechanisms, automatically control the heat supply of premises and other technological processes. The level of reliability and security of heat and electricity supplies determines the stability of the enterprise and its economic efficiency. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in studying the economic efficiency of using own thermal power plant based on a gas turbine power unit. (Materials and methods) The article presents the advantages of using own thermal power plant that runs on natural gas. The most efficient balance of heat and electric energy production was determined. (Results and discussion) The article presents the construction of thermal power plant for the heat supply of buildings and structures defined by the project on the territory of the Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM. The article considers the emerging trend of industrial enterprises building their own power plants, which make it possible to provide themselves with heat and electricity independently and guarantee more reliable operation of workshops by reducing downtime and disruptions of technological processes. (Conclusions) The use of a thermal power plant based on a gas turbine power unit will allow to get an annual profit, ensure energy independence, increase the reliability of power supply, and increase the profitability of production. Many large enterprises, pursuing economic goals, along with their own electricity supply, supply «excess» energy to centralized networks, often the level of energy supply «for export» significantly exceeds the level of their own consumption.

A numerical study for the assessment of air pollutant dispersion with chemical reactions from a thermal power plant

In this work, a computational simulation of the pollutants spread generated during fuel combustion at Ekibastuz SDPP-1 and their chemical reaction in the atmosphere have been presented. Using the example of a real thermal power plant (Ekibastuz SDPP -1), the dispersion NO, NO2, CO and products NO2, HNO3, CO2 during a chemical reaction with oxygen was modeled. The numerical method was verified by solving three test problems and the received computational solutions were compared with data from the measurement and the computational data of other authors. The purpose of the work was to investigate the pollution level at various ranges from the source. As a result, the mass fraction of the concentration and product during a chemical reaction were determined. According to the obtained data, with increasing distance from the source, the concentration of pollution spreads more widely under the influence of diffusion. The farther the distance from the chimney, the lower the concentration of the substance and products. Thus, the obtained computational values may allow in the future predicting the optimal distance from residential areas for the construction of thermal power plants, at which the concentration of emissions will remain at a safe level.

Standard Critical Path and Selection of Most Economic and Quality Contractors for Construction of Thermal Power Plant: A Case Study in NTPC

In India, most of the thermal power plants were built by National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC) Ltd and different state electricity boards. The thumb rule indicates that out of the total project construction cost, 70 per cent goes to the cost of project materials, while 30 per cent goes to the cost construction work which leads us to select the most competitive material suppliers and construction contractors. The objectives of this research work are (a) to select a contractor based on cost economy, (b) to find out the standard critical path for constructing a thermal power plant, and (c) to identify the critical activities in constructing a 500 MW thermal power plant. Through literature review, six important factors were identified to judge the quality of the contractor before awarding the contract. In project management, the selection of contractor on the basis of probability of their performance comes within the purview of decision under risk, and hence decision tree has been used as a methodology for the selection of contractor. For computing the critical path, the project network for the construction of the thermal power plant was constructed. The five thermal power projects of NTPC—NTPC Korba, NTPC Talcher, NTPC Rihand, NTPC Sipat, and NTPC Simhadri—were considered, and the construction data of these five projects were used to compute the critical path. Since the completion data of different activities of five projects at different geographical locations with different climates, different site conditions, and different conglomerate of workers were used, so the critical path estimated was accepted as the standard critical path.

The relevance of re-equipment of thermal power plants under solid waste fuel

The use of thermal power plants (TPPs) as energy facilities in world practice is the most popular way to generate electricity. Traditional fuel for these objects is used in the form of coal and gas. Also, in world practice, other types of fuel are used for TPPs, namely, municipal solid waste (MSW). The relevance of the research is the proposal for reliable and technological re-equipment of thermal power plants, thereby solving the problem of the environmental situation in the near radius of the construction of thermal power plants for the disposal of solid waste. The object of research is thermal power plants and their ability to re-equip. The main purpose of the research is to analyze the world and domestic experience in the implementation of solid waste as a fuel for thermal power plants and to offer current technological solutions.

The Use of Solar Power Plants to Provide Energy Security of the Crimean Region

The electric power supply of the Crimean region and the city of Sevastopol requires the construction of thermal power plants and electricity supply from mainland Russia through the Strait of Kerch. Gas boiler houses are mainly used for the heat supply of the local cities, as well as solid and liquid fossil fuel heating stations. Under conditions of the energy and transit blockade of the peninsula, energy supplies for these facilities are becoming not only expensive, but also fraught with difficulty.

Investigating Factors of Safety Culture Assessment in Construction Industry Projects

Early signs of an organizational commitment to safety policies are manifested in the safety culture in that organization. Improving the safety culture of contractors can reduce occupational accidents in construction industry projects. Many scholars tend to research on this concept in order to achieve an approach to reducing occupational accidents. Numerous studies have attempted to identify the components affecting the safety culture using various methods and tools for measuring and assessing the safety culture; nevertheless, none of these studies measured the impact level of each of the evaluated factors on the safety culture. Hence, this study, assess the influence of each of these factors on the safe culture of contractors working in the construction industry. This study used a structural equation modeling approach to examine the safety culture assessment factors. Accordingly, ten factors affecting the safety culture were scrutinized to provide a conceptual model with ten predictable paths for evaluating the relationships between the variables. The data collected from thermal power plant construction projects were applied to test the hypothesized model experimentally using SEM-PLS method. According to the results of this study, it can be concluded that the factors of management commitment, appraisal of work hazards, supportive environment and communication among the factors influencing the safety culture of contractors in the studied projects had respectively the most impact on the safety culture of contractors operating in the thermal power industry, as well as the work pressure had the least impact on the safety culture..

On the prospect of introduction of plasma ignition in power boilers

One of the most important issues for modern domestic power industry is the creation and further widespread introduction of solid propellant energy units for super-critical steam parameters with high efficiency (43–46%) and improved environmental parameters. This will significantly reduce the use of natural gas.At the same time, one of the major drawbacks of the operation of pulverized coal power units is the need to use a significant amount of fuel oil during start-up and shutdown of boilers to stabilize the burning of the coal torch in the variable boiler operating modes.In this regard, solid fuel TPPs need to be provided with fuel oil facilities, with all the associated problems to ensure the performance (heating of fuel oil in winter), reliability and safety. All of the above problems increase both the TPP capital construction costs, and the electricity generating cost.A practical solution to the above problems at present is the use of a plasma technology for coal torch ignition based on thermochemical preparation of fuel for combustion. The materials of the developments of JSC “NPO CKTI” on application of plasmatrons in boilers of thermal power plants at metallurgical complexes of the Russian Federation are also considered.Plasma ignition systems for solid fuels in boilers were developed by Russian specialists and were introduced at a number of coal-fi red power plants in the Russian Federation, Mongolia, North Korea, and Kazakhstan. Plasma ignition of solid fuels is widely used in China for almost 30% of power boilers.The introduction of plasma-energy technologies will improve the energy efficiency of domestic solid-fuel thermal power plants and can be widely implemented in the modernization of boilers.During the construction of new TPPs, the construction of fuel oil facilities can be abandoned altogether, which will reduce the capital costs of the construction of thermal power plants, reduce the construction footprint, and increase the TPP safety.

Intelligent Construction and Management of Thermal Power Plant Based on Internet + Mode

How to respond to the national call, the establishment and management of intelligent thermal power plants under the Internet + mode is a problem that the current thermal power plant management staff needs to think about. Throughout the domestic large-scale thermal power companies have gradually entered the era of information and intelligent management. Based on this, the paper first analyzes the concept and characteristics of intelligent thermal power plants, analyzes its construction foundation, discusses the system architecture and business direction of intelligent thermal power plant construction, and combines new technologies such as artificial intelligence and new products to analyze intelligent thermal power plants. Prospects for development, thereby maximizing the economic benefits of the power plant and the social benefits.

100 years of creation. On the jubilee of «Teploelectroproekt»

The history is presented of creation and activities of Teploelectroproekt JSC (formerly, Teploelectroproekt Institute), a flagship company in Russian design of thermal and nuclear power facilities. Results are considered of the Institute’s activities in severe conditions of the Civil War and foreign military intervention, in times of peace and during the Great Patriotic War, at the post-war years of restoration of industrial facilities, during the reform of Russia’s power sector after the breakdown of the USSR. The contribution of distinguished scientists and engineers in formation and development of the Institute over its 100-year long history is described. The Institute’s achievements are presented in both the creation of modern infrastructure of Russia’s power industry, and in construction of power plants abroad (in China, Iraq, India and other countries). The quality of design solutions largely depended on the level of technical equipment of designers. TEP acted as the driving force and head organization of the industry in introduction of information technologies in design. For many years, the Institute has been a talent pool for power industry executives. Among those who started their professional life there are I. I. Ugorets (USSR deputy power plant minister), Ya. I. Finogenov (USSR first deputy minister for power industry and electrification), A. A. Troitskiy (USSR Energy Ministry and USSR State Planning Committee), S. P. Goncharov (USSR Energy Ministry), to name just a few. Due to its great experience and united team, the Institute could maintain its leading positions in the design of construction of thermal power plants. The Institute is actively engaged in working on creating projects of state-of-art highperformance thermal power plants operating on organic fuels with steam-turbine, steam-gas and gas-turbine units. The Institute creates advanced innovative projects meeting the most stringent demands of customers, in accordance with industrual and environmental safety requirements.

О целесообразности расширения практики публичности технологических и ценовых аудитов инвестиционных проектов

The article discusses the use of extended public technological and price auditing of investment projects in the electric power industry. The legal regulatory acts establishing the audit objectives and procedure are listed. The auditing stages are presented, and the procedure of imparting publicity to the audit as applied at the Noncommercial Partnership “Unified Energy System Scientific and Technical Council” (NP UES STC) is described. The positive results achieved in the course of extended public discussion of the auditors’ reports at the meetings of the NP UES STC Scientific and Technical Board are presented. Recommendations on revising regulatory technical documents, standard prices of design solutions, and estimate standards derived from the introduction of additional extended public auditing of investment projects are given. The list of such projects include, in particular, setting up technical activity in the electric power industry, construction of thermal power plants in the Far East, and use of once-through water supply systems for thermal and nuclear power plants. Based on the results from public examination of projects, the Scientific and Technical Board has formulated criteria for relating new generating equipment to the category of innovative solutions.

Microstructural features, mechanical properties and high temperature failures of ferritic to ferritic dissimilar welds

ABSTRACTDissimilar metal welds (DMWs) between ferritic steel grades are found extensively in the construction of thermal power plants. The potential combinations and approaches for joining dissimilar ferritic steels are nearly limitless. For DMWs, the difference in alloy composition (specifically chromium and carbide-forming elements) provides the main driving force for carbon diffusion during welding, post-weld heat treatment and long-term service at elevated temperatures. Since the high temperature creep strength of local, carbon-denuded zones can be dramatically reduced from that of the parent or filler material, the service performance of ferritic DMWs can be severely reduced. This article reviews experimental observations on microstructural evolution in dissimilar ferritic welds, activities to describe the observed phenomena by modelling and simulation and discusses the performance of these welds at high temperature. Lastly, a well-engineered approach to the design of ferritic DMWs is discussed in the context of thermal power plants which are subject to damage by creep.Abbreviations: HAZ: heat affected zone; PWHT: post weld heat treatment; GMAW: gas-metal arc welding; SMAW: shielded-metal arc welding; GTAW: gas tungsten arc welding; SAW: submerged arc welding; DMW: ferritic dissimilar metal weld; CGHAZ: coarse-grained heat affected zone; FGHAZ: fine-grained heat affected zone; CDZ: carbon-denuded zone; CEZ: carbon-enriched zone; CSEF: creep strength enhanced ferritic

Understanding Construction Supply Chain Management

The purpose of this study was to understand some of the many perplexing questions eluding managers of overwhelmingly complex construction supply chain management (CSCM) based on review of some important research issues pertaining to construction supply chains. This study has illustrated understanding on CSCM using qualitative approach of triangulation applying foundational research methodology and soft system methodology in a coal-based thermal power plant project to validate its complex CSCM systems. The study highlights that a typical CSCM eco-system for the coal-based thermal power plant construction as unit can be considered to operate as a system with sub-systems as concept phase, procurement phase, production phase, installation phase and winding up phase. This study suffers from methodological limitations associated with qualitative research. Finally, this study provides practical insights for research opportunities in the area of interdisciplinary construction projects.

Improvment of Thermal Power Plant Construction Features and Technology

In thermal power engineering construction, the main building is a great project, in which the construction time, key engineering technology is difficult. It is also a wide range, strong professional structure of the system, it is closely related to the development of construction technology, the need to gradually improve building materials production level and engineering practice. Main factory building structure system to achieve light weight, high strength, reliable technology, economy applicable, expanding for dry operation, should be combined closely with plant production process, good solution can be achieved. Therefore, choose the main factory building structure, give full play to the bearing capacity of each structure, improve the level of main factory building design, construction technology ,to accelerate the progress of main building structure system plays an important role.